Since result is being kept in the Redux store, we can't mutate it - we need to return a new object. 5 facts about mound builders; power tools safety toolbox talk. The options object also contains an updateCachedData util function, and two lifecycle Promises - cacheDataLoaded and cacheEntryRemoved. RTK Query Examples Examples Overview We have a variety of examples that demonstrate various aspects of using RTK Query. If you are just concerned about how quickly we find ourselves using many hooks in one component (that uses multiple kinds of data/mutations), you can easily extract all of the hooks calls to a separate custom hook. Mutating data (create/update/delete) and syncing the changes from the server with the cache. By specifying a plain 'Post' tag in getPosts and invalidating it in addNewPost, we actually end up forcing a refetch of all individual posts as well. // If any mutation is executed that `invalidate`s any of these tags, this query will re-run to be always up-to-date. Our component has to initiate the fetching of notifications, and needs to show the notification entries with the correct read/unread status. Now, if we click several times on a reaction button quickly, we should see the number increment in the UI each time. The "What's Next?" section in Part 6 has links to additional resources for app ideas, tutorials, and documentation. For example, what if the /getPost request returns a body like {post: {id}}, with the data nested? With that said, we might still need an async action if we dont want our logic to depend on a single endpoint, and be more generic (e.g., bootstrapping a page with some requests). Inside of there, we add a new "read/isNew" metadata entry that corresponds to each notification by ID, and store that inside of notificationsSlice. Endpoints can define a transformResponse handler that can extract or modify the data received from the server before it's cached. The onQueryStarted method can be used for optimistic updates. Try adding an appearsIn field to the hero object in the query, and see the new result. It takes three arguments: the name of the endpoint to update, the same cache key value used to identify the specific cached data, and a callback that updates the cached data. select() takes a cache key as its argument, and this must be the same cache key that you pass as an argument to either the query hooks or the initiate() thunk. Some of the changes in this section aren't strictly necessary - they're included to demonstrate RTK Query's features and show some of the things you can do, so you can see how to use these features if you need them. RTK Query provides an onCacheEntryAdded endpoint lifecycle handler that lets us implement "streaming updates" to cached data. // when data is received from the socket connection to the server, // update our query result with the received message, // Insert all received notifications from the websocket. Open up your browser's DevTools, go to the Network tab, and refresh the main page. For the getPost example, we could have transformResponse: (responseData) => responseData.post, and it would cache just the actual Post object instead of the entire body of the response. Nov 30, 2021 Dislike Share Description Dipesh Malvia 42.7K subscribers In this video we will explore the Redux Toolkit RTK Query Mutations and Auto-fetching in detail with example. Inside of onCacheEntryAdded, we create a real Websocket connection to localhost. By calling selectPostsForUser(result, userId) every time, it will memoize the filtered array and only recalculate it if the fetched data or the user ID changes. But, the component mounted right away and subscribed to the same Post data with the same cache key. For more details on using RTK Query, see the RTK Query usage guide docs and API reference. Let's add a new addReaction mutation and use that to update the corresponding Post on the server every time the user clicks a reaction button. Now, instead of potentially five files to fetch data and cache it in the Redux store, we need one. With those changes in place, we can update our UI components to fetch and display notifications. In the example from https://redux-toolkit.js.org/rtk-query/usage/examples#using-extrareducers a extraReducer in autSlice.ts that is called when the login mutation in services/auth.js is intially called with credentials of Type LoginRequest as its action.payload. In this section, we'll continue migrating our example app to use RTK Query for the other data types, and see how to use some of its advanced features to simplify the codebase and improve user experience. It's worth stepping back for a minute to discuss what we just did further. // `updateQueryData` requires the endpoint name and cache key arguments, // so it knows which piece of cache state to update, // The `draft` is Immer-wrapped and can be "mutated" like in createSlice, // create a websocket connection when the cache subscription starts, // wait for the initial query to resolve before proceeding. Let's see this in action! RTK Query query not refetching after mutation. Defining an API Slice The first is the cache key arg that was passed when the request started. If we inspect the API slice object, it includes an endpoints field, with one endpoint object inside for each endpoint we've defined. With that in place, let's update to use this mutation. It is. Therefore, I thought of comparing the core features of Redux Query and RTK Query. RTK Query is a powerful data fetching and caching tool. Go to the main , and click one of the reactions to see what happens. It pushes us to connect more components directly to the store by supplying tons of React hooks. We can rewrite notificationsSlice so that it listens for any received notifications, and tracks some additional state on the client side for each notification entry. We've now seen three different ways that we can manage transforming responses: Each of these approaches can be useful in different situations. features/notifications/notificationsSlice.js, features/notifications/NotificationsList.js. RTK Query allows multiple components to subscribe to the same data, and will ensure that each unique set of data is only fetched once. // Include a field called `postsForUser` in the hook result object, // which will be a filtered list of posts, // In a real app, we'd probably need to base this on user ID somehow, // so that a user can't do the same reaction more than once. It's common for larger applications to "code-split" features into separate bundles, and then "lazy load" them on demand as the feature is used for the first time. Next Steps This example only. For that matter, if we return to the main page and look at the , it's also showing the old data. TLDR; In this post, Ill address the main questions and concerns that fellow developers in my group brought up since we started using RTK Query in our newer apps. This should be a unique string shared between each mutation hook instance you wish to share results. RTK Query supports splitting out endpoint definitions with apiSlice.injectEndpoints(). The query hook will do a "shallow" comparison on this returned object, and only re-render the component if one of the fields has changed. // if you actually want the payload or to catch the error. - https://youtu.be/06yVj8pcO5cReact in One Project - https://youtu.be/0riHps91AzEReact Redux Toolkit Tutorial - https://youtu.be/EnIRyNT2PMILearn React Redux with Project - https://youtu.be/0W6i5LYKCSIWhat is Redux ? // that newly created post could show up in any lists. RTK Query provides an option to share results across mutation hook instances using the fixedCacheKey option. Our components are already importing selectAllUsers and selectUserById, so this change should just work! You should now have a solid understanding of what Redux Toolkit and React-Redux are, how to write and organize Redux logic, Redux data flow and usage with React, and how to use APIs like configureStore and createSlice. For example, I have two components. RTK Query provides advanced setup options to handle your fetching and caching needs in the most flexible and efficient way possible. Mutations can also invalidate cached data and force re-fetches. In this video we will explore the Redux Toolkit RTK Query Mutations and Auto-fetching in detail with example. // no-op in case `cacheEntryRemoved` resolves before `cacheDataLoaded`, // in which case `cacheDataLoaded` will throw, // cacheEntryRemoved will resolve when the cache subscription is no longer active, // perform cleanup steps once the `cacheEntryRemoved` promise resolves, // Hardcode a call to the mock server to simulate a server push scenario over websockets, // Dispatch an additional action so we can track "read" state, // Add client-side metadata for tracking new notifications, // Any notifications we've read are no longer new, '../features/notifications/notificationsSlice', // Trigger initial fetch of notifications and keep the websocket open to receive updates, a table that describes what will happen if certain general/specific tag combinations are invalidated, How to use tags with IDs to manage cache invalidation and refetching, How to work with the RTK Query cache outside of React, Techniques for manipulating response data, Implementing optimistic updates and streaming updates, The same primary query/mutation hook that we exported from the root API slice object, but named as, For query endpoints, an additional set of query hooks for scenarios like "lazy queries" or partial subscriptions, A fully normalized shared-across-queries cache is a, We don't have the time, resources, or interest in trying to solve that right now, In many cases, simply re-fetching data when it's invalidated works well and is easier to understand, At a minimum, RTKQ can help solve the general use case of "fetch some data", which is a big pain point for a lot of people, Keep original response in cache, read full result in component and derive values, Keep original response in cache, read derived result with, Transform response before storing in cache, Create a server-side data subscription like a Websocket, Endpoints can provide or invalidate cache tags based on results and arg cache keys, Endpoint objects include functions for initating requests, generating result selectors, and matching request action objects, Components can read an entire value and transform with. Typically, the usage pattern is: Our mock Websocket server file exposes a forceGenerateNotifications method to mimic pushing data out to the client. Mutation endpoints should define either a query callback that constructs the URL (including any URL query params), or a queryFn callback that may do arbitrary async logic and return a result. The use of mutations is a bit different compared to the original Mutations - RTK Query guide. For a small update like adding a reaction, we probably don't need to re-fetch the entire list of posts. When we clicked on "Edit Post", the component was unmounted by the router, and the active subscription was removed due to unmounting. Like in the original library, a mutation is a object (not array) of 2 items, but the structure and naming of the items is different. The main method of refreshing data with RTKQ is using Cache Tags. This will look much like the mutation for adding a post, but the endpoint needs to include the post ID in the URL and use an HTTP PATCH request to indicate that it's updating some of the fields. The API slice object includes a updateQueryData util function that lets us update cached values. For more info, check out: Usage Without React Hooks. RTK Query is a powerful data fetching and caching tool. This is a very basic example of taking a JWT from a login mutation, then setting that in our store. If we look at the Network tab, we'll also see each individual request go out to the server as well. That being said, each step will still include its own tests to demonstrate that an app written with RTK Query is perfectly testable. If we really want to just refetch the list of posts for the getPost endpoint, you can include an additional tag with an arbitrary ID, like {type: 'Post', id: 'LIST'}, and invalidate that tag instead. Our final feature is the notifications tab. The correct user names should appear in each displayed post, and in the dropdown in the . RTK Query's core API is UI-agnostic and can be used with any UI layer, not just React. Take note of the act statement used in the mutation tests. RTK Query hooks comes with a host of other return values like isFetching and isError, so check out the docs for queries and mutations to see what's available. Internally, RTK Query keeps a reference counter of active "subscriptions" to each endpoint + cache key combination. Fortunately, RTK Query lets us define specific tags, which let us be more selective in invalidating data. As long as 1+ subscribers for the data are still active, the cache entry is kept alive. RTK Query CRUD example with React Hooks. Both mutations make their networks calls and changes are reflected in the server. We still need to manually tell the mock server when to send new notifications, so we'll continue faking that by having a button we click to force the update. That depends on knowing the most recent notification timestamp, so we add a thunk we can dispatch that reads the latest timestamp from the cache state and tells the mock server to generate newer notifications. This is deliberately more visible because our mock API server is set to have a 2-second delay before responding, but even if the response is faster, this still isn't a good user experience. Try refreshing the page and clicking through the posts list and single post view. RTK Query is responsible for: Fetching data and keeping cached data on the client-side. That way, every time we add a new post, we force RTK Query to refetch the entire list of posts from the getQuery endpoint. We've already seen that we can get the entire list of posts with useGetPostsQuery() and then transform it in the component, such as sorting inside of a useMemo. In this case, we always need user data, so we can skip unsubscribing. We're already importing apiSlice into usersSlice.js so that we can access the getUsers endpoint, so we can switch to calling apiSlice.injectEndpoints() here instead. We want to run the same "add read/new metadata" logic for both the "fulfilled getNotifications" action and the "received from Websocket" action. So, RTK Query canceled the timer and kept using the same cached data instead of fetching it from the server. The RTK Query docs have a table that describes what will happen if certain general/specific tag combinations are invalidated. Here's my api definition. bezkoder provides an example of CRUD operations on the client side (using createAsyncThunk and createSlice functions of Redux Toolkit and We can create a new "matcher" function by calling isAnyOf() and passing in each of those action creators. The query callback may also return an object containing the URL, the HTTP method to use and a request body. So, we can create a cache selector with no argument, and the cache key becomes undefined. injectEndpoints() mutates the original API slice object to add the additional endpoint definitions, and then returns it. When we opened the component again, RTK Query saw that it did not have the data in cache and refetched it. It receives the entire response data body as its argument, and should return the actual data to be cached. React Query and Axios example. In , we trigger the initial notifications fetch with useGetNotificationsQuery(), and switch to reading the metadata objects from state.notificationsSlice. When the number of active subscriptions goes down to 0, RTK Query starts an internal timer. Time to get to the crux of this tutorial, which is learning how to use React - Query in a project to fetch and mutate data from an API. Step 5: Testing. While you may not need all of these options right away, they provide flexibility and key capabilities to help implement specific application behaviors. When the number of subscribers goes to 0 and the cache lifetime timer expires, the cache entry will be removed, and cacheEntryRemoved will resolve. Once that's added, we can update the . Copyright 20152022 Dan Abramov and the Redux documentation authors. We'll inject the getNotifications endpoint in notificationsSlice like we did with getUsers, just to show it's possible. All videos are for educational purpose and use them wisely. Subscription is added of refreshing data with RTKQ is using cache tags, which let us edit existing. // that newly created post could show up in any lists to the update! 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